The war in Sudan has been going on since the year 1899 up until now. Have you ever wondered how the war started? Well, in my Blog, you will find that the war in Sudan was caused by 4 factors. British Imperialism, oil, ethnicity, and desertification.
Sunday 11 November 2012
Basic Background Information
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| Sudan on Map |
Sudan is a country located south of Egypt next to the Red Sea. Sudan's full name is "bilad as- sudan" meaning 'Land of the blacks' is Arabic. The Sudan is divided into 3 parts, The Western Sudan, The Northern Sudan, and the Southern Sudan. The West are Black muslims, the North are Arabic Muslims and the South Muslims are Black Christians. The Northern region is more developed rather than the Southern region. The West and South are poor causing them to not be as developed.
Bibliography:
Text: "HISTORY OF THE SUDAN." HISTORY OF THE SUDAN. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. <http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/plaintexthistories.asp?historyid=aa86>.
Image: "Map of Sudan - African Country Maps, Sudan Maps Facts History - World Atlas."World Atlas. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2012. <http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/africa/sd.htm>.
British Imperialism (Contains: Ethnicity and Religion)
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| How Sudan is divided |
In the year 1899, the British came to Sudan and conquered it making it a British colony. It is known as the British-Egyptian rule but during that time they just considered it British Imperialism. The Brits divided Sudan into 3 parts. The Northern Sudan, The Southern Sudan and the Western Sudan. The Northern is Arabic muslims, the west is Black Muslims, and the South is black christians. The British only developed the North because they felt that the South was too tribal, poor and they were not ready for a modernized world. They let the North keep their culture and language while the South was taught English and Christianity. The Northern people treated the South badly, they overtaxed them, and made some slaves to be sold or kept. They didn't give much attention to the West. The government was in Khartoum, which is the capital of the North. When the British left in 1955, they left the North in charge. In 1956, Sudan became independent. There are 800 seats in total for the government and 4 are represented by the South. Since the British left the two sides speaking different languages and , the South felt left out and didn't like being controlled by the North, so they rebelled. Thus began the 1st civil war. The 1st civil war was led by the Anya Nya movement.
Bibliography:
"1 MUSLIM NATION." 1 MUSLIM NATION. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. <http://1muslimnation.wordpress.com/>.
More on the Anya Nya movement:
Oil Crisis
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| The pipelines of Sudan |
Conflict In Darfur (Contains: Desertification)
Darfur is a region located in the West Sudan. They are extremely poor and had been ignored by the British when they conquered Sudan. They felt that they should receive some of the money from the oil because they considered themselves as apart of the North. In 2003, West Sudan broke out and rebelled to the North. North asked help from the Janjaweeds. When the desert expanded, it caused less farming land for farmers and herders to share. Thus, the Janjaweeds were born. They are called "Devils on horse back" because they are herders who rode horses with guns int heir hands and they kill people who come anywhere near their farm land. The Janjaweeds killed all the people in their way in order to find the rebels. Quote- "In order to find the fish, you drain the sea."Janjaweeds received their weapons from China, because China wanted their oil supply to be safe. Many loose their family members and have their villages burnt and attacked. People ran seeking refugee camps in other places. Guards guard the well, so that if anyone comes near to get water, they are shot dead. They would pollute the water by dumping dead bodies. This 3rd war in Sudan caused millions of thousand of people to die making the U.N. to label this situation as a genocide. Meaning the killing of many people from the same ethnic group, religion, and culture.
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| Many left homeless |
Sudan War in Darfur Is Over вЂ" UN Officials Report." Bulgaria Sudan War in Darfur Is Over вЂ" UN Officials Report: Sudan War in Darfur Is Over вЂ" UN Officials Report. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. <http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=107201>.
"Violence « Save Darfur." Violence « Save Darfur. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. <http://blogfordarfur.org/archives/tag/violence>.
"Violence « Save Darfur." Violence « Save Darfur. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. <http://blogfordarfur.org/archives/tag/violence>.
"Africa News Blog." How Serious Is Sudan's Darfur Ceasefire? N.p., 12 Nov. 2008. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. <http://blogs.reuters.com/africanews/2008/11/12/how-serious-is-sudan’s-darfur-ceasefire/>.
(Background information on Janjaweeds: http://www.youtube.com/watchfeature=player_embedded&v=USLDoIiFzzg)
The War's Effects On People
Many people who have survived the war have been traumatized. Some people lost their homes and family members. Some have lost their trust of society. They are not able to talk about their past because it is very hard for them. They are left poor, starved and perished. Many are suffering from lack of medical supply, so in result they die. The number of people in Sudan are quickly decreasing. Thankfully there are organizations that help but not enough. Mosses Kleming, a 15 year old boy in high school staying at a large family of farmers, experienced a traumatizing past. He says that he was taken taken from his home by fearsome men with wild rasta hair. They had hurt him everywhere. "There is no place they didn't hurt me." Mosses said. He has scars all over his body from the attacks. "Hiding and always on the move, they are nearly invisible in the dense jungles here along the edges of western equatorial South Sudan. Killing, luding(seductive hypnotic drugging), and abducting children." reported Ed Robbins. Mosses, his younger brother Emanuel, and their cousin Wilson into the dense forest. Wilson fell from carrying heavy loads and they punished him severely by death. Moses was couldn't stop shaking and crying because he had never seen someone die right in front of his eyes. They were forced the children to walk for days as they often got beat up. Mosses tried to escape but the abductors threatened him. Then one day, helicopters came to attack the abductors and tied Mosses. But he loosened free and ran into the jungle for 3 days without food. He came upon a military force and was sent back to his family. They were so happy to reunite that they spent the night in church. Mosses goes to a local school now near the village but still hopes for the war to end. Many children have a past like Moses or is experiencing this. Many try to escape seeking refugee.
There were also men who attacked villages. Boys were out farming when they heard noises so they had the chance to escape but their family members, dead. These boys walk all through Sudan barefoot trying to find refugees. Many on the way die from deceases, wild animals, thirst, or hunger. These boys are called the lost boys based on the story Peter pan with the Lost Boys who are boys without parents. Many of these boys are sent to the U.S. so they could get an education. Some did not know how to handle themselves as they had no one to guide them when they were young.
The war has caused many effects on Sudan and if stopped will still leave deep scars.
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| Refugee camps in Sudan |
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| Lost Boys seeking refugee camps, walking barefoot |
Bibliography:
"Cara." Cara. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://carasue.wordpress.com/>.
"Darfur Refugee Camps Map." Www.wikipedia.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Darfur_refugee_camps_map.gif>.
Full story of Mosses Kleming: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FYN5s6s7PQ&feature=player_embeddedThursday 8 November 2012
Becoming A Nation
Until Sudan faces complications, they have not yet become a nation. In my opinion, there are 3 major factors that Sudan needs to fix are food, education, and medical supply.
1. Food- South Sudan is too dependent on food. There are 8 organizations representing 8 countries who are giving and donating food. That is there only food source because people aren't taught how to farm. Most people have been taught how to be a solider of war, not farmers. So in my opinion, this is a big problem because if the people aren't taught how to farm, they wouldn't know what to do for food source if the organizations stop giving food.
2. Education- The education in South Sudan is very poor because they cannot afford for their children to go to school. 1% of the children in Sudan finish primary school. If the children aren't educated properly, they would have a failed country. If the people were properly educated, then would have jobs which would give them money to support their country's needs (food, healthcare, water, electricity etc.) and to develop their country.
3. Medical Supply- Medical supply is another major problem Sudan is facing because many people there do not have proper nutrition and healthcare which would cause them to catch deceases very quickly. If the deceases aren't cured, it may spread to other people which would lead to the death of many people. Then the population of the country would decrease making the country a terrified and scary place to be at. So medical supplies are needed to be taken care of. This could be helped if the people would be educated to be doctors so they are able to cure their people.
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